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《医学前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第1期 页码 104-110 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0432-4
Advances in next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics have begun to reveal the complex genetic landscape in human cancer genomes, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Sophisticated preclinical models that fully represent intra- and inter-tumoral heterogeneity are required to understand the molecular diversity of cancer and achieve the goal of personalized therapies. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models generated from human tumor samples that can retain the histological and genetic features of their donor tumors have been shown to be the preferred preclinical tool in translational cancer research compared with other conventional preclinical models. Specifically, genetically well-defined PDX models can be applied to accelerate targeted antitumor drug development and biomarker discovery. Recently, we have successfully established and characterized an OSCC PDX panel as part of our tumor bio-bank for translational cancer research. In this paper, we discuss the establishment, characterization, and preclinical applications of the PDX models. In particular, we focus on the classification and applications of the PDX models based on validated annotations, including clinicopathological features, genomic profiles, and pharmacological testing information. We also explore the translational value of this well-annotated PDX panel in the development of co-clinical trials for patient stratification and treatment optimization in the near future. Although various limitations still exist, this preclinical approach should be further tested and improved.
关键词: patient-derived xenograft models personalized medicine co-clinical trial patient stratification oral squamous cell carcinoma
Development and clinical trial of a novel bioactive bone cement
LEONG John, LI Zhaoyang, LU William
《医学前沿(英文)》 2008年 第2卷 第2期 页码 117-126 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0022-1
关键词: bioactivity effectiveness strontium-containing hydroxyapatite osseointegration sufficient mechanical
《医学前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第3期 页码 460-471 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0861-6
关键词: low-carbohydrate diet obesity nonalcoholic fatty liver disease continuous glucose monitoring mean sensor glucose
《医学前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第2期 页码 276-284 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0855-4
关键词: gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) methotrexate (MTX) dactinomycin (ACTD)
免疫抑制和肝移植 Review
Jan Lerut, Samuele Iesari
《工程(英文)》 2023年 第21卷 第2期 页码 175-187 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.07.007
完美的手术技术和充分的免疫抑制是确保最佳移植物和患者存活的关键。不同药物的可用性导致了一些通常由行业驱动的不同类型的临床试验,以寻找理想的免疫抑制方案。然而,大量概念不同的研究设计未能明确定义最佳免疫抑制方案。基于钙调神经磷酸酶抑制剂他克莫司、抗代谢药物霉酚酸酯或硫唑嘌呤和短期类固醇(除了可能的诱导外)的三联免疫抑制方案仍然是目前公认的肝移植标准免疫抑制方案。然而,鉴于排斥定义的变化、免疫抑制负荷的定制以及由于慢性免疫抑制引起的长期副作用,未来的试验最好包括一个以上的终点,而不是急性T细胞介导的急性排斥(a-TCMR)或肾衰竭。相反,需要一个涵盖患者和移植物存活率以及急性和慢性排斥反应发生率的综合终点。这些免疫现象应根据一系列长期的生物学和组织学随访进行检查。临床相关α-TCMR的诊断和治疗应基于综合生物学、免疫学和组织病理学的发现。这两个要素对于朝着更谨慎的免疫抑制处理和有利于临床操作耐受性的方向发展至关重要。
《医学前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第2期 页码 231-239 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0939-9
关键词: neoadjuvant radiotherapy oligometastatic prostate cancer radical prostatectomy
基于自然杀伤细胞的癌症免疫疗法的进展和前景 Review
胡渊, 田志刚, 张彩
《工程(英文)》 2019年 第5卷 第1期 页码 106-114 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.11.015
自然杀伤(natural killer,NK)细胞是重要的先天免疫细胞,位于机体抵御病毒感染和癌症的第一道防线。尽管自然杀伤细胞可以区分“自身”和“非自身”,识别异常细胞,并实时清除恶性转化的细胞和肿瘤,但肿瘤也形成了一些逃逸自然杀伤细胞攻击的策略。这些策略包括:上调自然杀伤细胞抑制性受体的配体,产生可溶性分子或免疫抑制因子。目前,临床试验正在应用各种类型的自然杀伤细胞治疗不同类型的肿瘤,包括自体或同种异体自然杀伤细胞、脐带血(umbilical cord blood,UCB)或诱导性多能干细胞(induced pluripotent stem cell,iPSC)来源的自然杀伤细胞、记忆样自然杀伤细胞和自然杀伤细胞系NK-92 细胞。近来,嵌合抗原受体(chimeric antigen receptor,CAR)修饰的自然杀伤细胞因其再导向特异性和有效的抗肿瘤活性而展现出巨大潜力。文中总结了肿瘤逃逸自然杀伤细胞识别的机制、自然杀伤细胞免疫疗法的现状和进展、提升自然杀伤细胞体内抗肿瘤能力的途径以及该领域在临床实践中所面临的重大挑战。
植物乳杆菌CCFM8610缓解肠易激综合征并改善肠道菌群失调——一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的先导性临床试验 Article
刘洋, 郁辛杰, 于雷雷, 田丰伟, 赵建新, 张灏, 钱龙, 王群, 薛正青, 翟齐啸, 陈卫
《工程(英文)》 2021年 第7卷 第3期 页码 376-385 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.06.026
腹泻型肠易激综合征(irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea, IBS-D)是一种伴有腹泻等复杂临床症状的慢性肠功能障碍,对患者的日常生活和精神状态具有极大影响。一些研究报道称,摄入益生菌可显著缓解多种肠道疾病。本研究的目的是探究一株具有多种保健作用的益生植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)CCFM8610对IBS-D的缓解作用。这项研究是一项为期12周的随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的先导性临床试验。75名患者被随机分配接受安慰剂、低聚糖或植物乳杆菌CCFM8610 [每天1 × 1010 CFU(菌落形成单位)],进行为期两周的观察、8周的干预及两周的后续随访。采用IBS症状严重程度量表(IBS-SSS)及IBS生活质量量表(IBS-QOL)评定患者的临床症状和生活质量。在干预期结束时,测定肠道菌群组成和多样性的变化。结果表明,口服植物乳杆菌CCFM8610显著降低了IBS-SSS和IBS-QOL评分,减轻了IBS-D症状的严重程度,恢复了肠道菌群的多样性,降低了与腹胀相关的甲烷短杆菌属(Methanobrevibacter)的相对丰度,增加了厌氧棒状菌属(Anaerostipes)、双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium)、丁酸弧菌属(Butyricimonas)及臭杆菌属(Odoribacter)等丁酸生产种属的相对丰度。这些结果表明,摄入植物乳杆菌CCFM8610可以显著缓解IBS-D患者的临床症状及肠道菌群失调。植物乳杆菌CCFM8610对IBS-D的缓解作用可能与肠道中丁酸生产种属的相对丰度上升有关。
Trial design of arch bridge of composite box section with steel web-concrete flange
Jiangang WEI, Qingwei HUANG, Baochun CHEN,
《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第3期 页码 370-375 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0073-7
关键词: steel webs concrete box arch trial design structural behaviors finite element method
Balancing method without trial weights for rotor systems based on similitude scale model
Ruiduo YE, Liping WANG, Xiaojie HOU, Zhong LUO, Qingkai HAN
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第13卷 第4期 页码 571-580 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0478-x
A balancing method without trial weights based on the dynamic similitude scale model was proposed as a solution to the balancing problem of a large-scale rotor system. This method could be used to directly obtain the required coefficients for the balancing problem of the prototype system through a similarity model test without a prototype test. Thus, the weight test process of the prototype system was effectively eliminated in the proposed balancing method. First, with the rotor system as the research object, the analytical expression of the influence coefficient was derived on the basis of rotor dynamics theory. Then, through calculation and dimensional analysis methods, the similitude relationships of the rotor system and the influence coefficient were deduced on the basis of dynamic similitude theory. The correctness of the proposed similitude relationships was verified through numerical simulation and experiment. The balancing method without trial weights was proposed based on the similitude relationship of the influence coefficient. The effect of the balancing method without trial weights was compared with that of the traditional influence coefficient method through numerical simulation, and the results verified the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed balancing method. The results of this study provide theoretical supplements for the balancing method and the similitude design of the rotor system.
关键词: rotor system dynamic similitude balancing without trial weights influence coefficient
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2014年 第8卷 第3期 页码 368-375 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0360-0
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of comprehensive therapy based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) patterns on older patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) through a four-center, open-label, randomized controlled trial. Patients were divided into the trial group treated using conventional western medicine and Bu-Fei Jian-Pi granules, Bu-Fei Yi-Shen granules, and Yi-Qi Zi-Shen granules based on TCM patterns respectively; and the control group treated using conventional western medicine. A total of 136 patients≥65 years completed the study, with 63 patients comprising the trial group and 73 comprising the control group. After the six-month treatment and the 12-month follow-up period, significant differences were observed between the trial and control groups in the following aspects: frequency of acute exacerbation (P≤0.040), duration of acute exacerbation (P = 0.034), symptoms (P≤0.034), 6-min walking distance (6MWD) (P≤0.039), dyspnea scale (P≤0.036); physical domain (P≤0.019), psychological domain (P≤0.033), social domain (P≤0.020), and environmental domain (P≤0.044) of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire; and daily living ability domain (P≤0.007), social activity domain (P≤0.018), depression symptoms domain (P≤0.025), and anxiety symptoms domain (P≤0.037) of the COPD-QOL. No differences were observed between the trial and control groups with regard to FVC, FEV1, and FEV1%.
关键词: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease older adult clinical trial Bu-Fei Jian-Pi granules Bu-Fei Yi-Shen granules Yi-Qi Zi-Shen granules
Li Ni, Zheng Wen, Xiaowen Hu, Wei Tang, Haisheng Wang, Ling Zhou, Lujin Wu, Hong Wang, Chang Xu, Xizhen Xu, Zhichao Xiao, Zongzhe Li, Chenze Li, Yujian Liu, Jialin Duan, Chen Chen, Dan Li, Runhua Zhang, Jinliang Li, Yongxiang Yi, Wei Huang, Yanyan Chen, Jianping Zhao, Jianping Zuo, Jianping Weng, Hualiang Jiang, Dao Wen Wang
《医学前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第5期 页码 704-717 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0853-6
关键词: COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Shuanghuanglian oral liquid clinical trial
《医学前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1001-2
关键词: iron deficiency anemia intravenous iron ferric carboxymaltose iron sucrose Hb response early response
Ontological reconstruction of the clinical terminology of traditional Chinese medicine
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《医学前沿(英文)》 2014年 第8卷 第3期 页码 358-361 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0348-9
This study proposes the ontological reconstruction of the current clinical terminology of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It also provides an overview of preliminary work related to the said reconstruction, including the ontology-based analysis of TCM clinical terminology. We conclude that the ontological reconstruction of TCM clinical terminology provides a proper translation from the idealized organizational model to real-world implementation and to a formalized, shared, and knowledge-based framework.
关键词: ontology traditional Chinese medicine clinical terminology
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Patient-derived xenograft platform of OSCC: a renewable human bio-bank for preclinical cancer research and a new co-clinical
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期刊论文
Development and clinical trial of a novel bioactive bone cement
LEONG John, LI Zhaoyang, LU William
期刊论文
Low-carbohydrate diets lead to greater weight loss and better glucose homeostasis than exercise: a randomized clinicaltrial
期刊论文
multi-course methotrexate for low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia: a multi-centric randomized clinicaltrial
期刊论文
cancer: safety and efficacy outcomes from an open-label, dose-escalation, single-center, phase I/II clinicaltrial
期刊论文
植物乳杆菌CCFM8610缓解肠易激综合征并改善肠道菌群失调——一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的先导性临床试验
刘洋, 郁辛杰, 于雷雷, 田丰伟, 赵建新, 张灏, 钱龙, 王群, 薛正青, 翟齐啸, 陈卫
期刊论文
Trial design of arch bridge of composite box section with steel web-concrete flange
Jiangang WEI, Qingwei HUANG, Baochun CHEN,
期刊论文
Balancing method without trial weights for rotor systems based on similitude scale model
Ruiduo YE, Liping WANG, Xiaojie HOU, Zhong LUO, Qingkai HAN
期刊论文
Effects of comprehensive therapy based on traditional Chinese medicine patterns on older patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a subgroup analysis from a four-center, randomized, controlled study
null
期刊论文
oral liquids on patients with COVID-19: a randomized, open-label, parallel-controlled, multicenter clinicaltrial
Li Ni, Zheng Wen, Xiaowen Hu, Wei Tang, Haisheng Wang, Ling Zhou, Lujin Wu, Hong Wang, Chang Xu, Xizhen Xu, Zhichao Xiao, Zongzhe Li, Chenze Li, Yujian Liu, Jialin Duan, Chen Chen, Dan Li, Runhua Zhang, Jinliang Li, Yongxiang Yi, Wei Huang, Yanyan Chen, Jianping Zhao, Jianping Zuo, Jianping Weng, Hualiang Jiang, Dao Wen Wang
期刊论文
A randomized, controlled, open label non-inferiority trial of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose versus
期刊论文